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| Bombus pensylvanicus ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
American bumblebee
''Bombus pensylvanicus'', also known as the American bumblebee,〔Eaton ER, Kaufman K. (2007) Kaufman Field Guide to Insects of North America. New York: Houghton Mifflin. p. 344.〕 is a species of bumblebee found in Eastern North America, ranging from Eastern Great Plains to eastern and central United States. Formerly known as its Latin name ''B. americanorum and Bombus pennsylvanicus,'' ''Bombus pensylvanicus'' has become the permanent label for the species. ''Bombus pensylvanicus'' tends to live and nest in open farmland and fields. It feeds on food plants, favoring sunflowers, clovers, and other types of flowers.〔 Once the most prevalent bumblebee in the southern United States as its name suggests, but populations of ''Bombus pensylvanicus'' have decreased significantly in recent years.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://bugguide.net/node/view/65631 )〕
==Taxonomy and phylogenetics==
''Bombus pensylvanicus'' is part of the order Hymenoptera (consisting of ants, wasps, bees, and sawflies), the family Apidae (consisting of Cuckoo, Digger, Carpenter, Bumble, and Honeybees), the Subfamily Apinae (consisting of Honey, Orchid, Bumble, Long-horned, and Digger Bees), and the genus Bombus (consisting of bumblebees)''.''〔 Within Bombus, ''B. pensylvanicus'' is part of the subgenus ''Thoracobombus'', which includes closely relates species like ''Bombus armeniacus, Bombus atratus, Bombus dahlbomii, Bombus fervidus, Bombus humilis, Bombus morio, Bombus muscorum, Bombus pascuorum, Bombus pomorum, Bombus ruderarius, Bombus sylvarum,'' and ''Bombus transversalis.'' ''Bombus pensylvanicus'' is sometimes mistaken for ''B. terricola'' and ''B. auricomus,'' but its closest relative is ''Bombus sonorus'', found in Mexico and Arizona. Scientists sometimes treat ''Bombus sonorus'' as a subspecies of ''Bombus pensylvanicus,'' though each species maintain differences in male genitalia''.''〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Bombus+(Thoracobombus)+pensylvanicus )〕 Intermediate individuals of ''B. pensylvanicus'' and ''B.sonorus'' have been found in Mexico, but further evidence is needed to distinguish whether ''B. sonorus'' is a subspecies of ''B. pensylvanicus.''〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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